Expressing Agreement or Disagreement

The way people agree or disagree in an argument or discussion varies in different languages.

Agreement:

It is worthwhile saying that silence is not understood as agreement. If you agree with an opinion or an idea, you are expected to say so.

Expressions

There is no doubt about it that...
I completely / absolutely agree with you.
I agree with you entirely.
I totally agree with you.
I simply must agree with that.
I am of the same opinion.
I am of the same opinion.
That’s exactly what I think.

Disagreement:

Expressing disagreement is always respected as honest, and sometimes as courageous.

Expressions

I don't agree with you.
I’m sorry, but I disagree.
I'm afraid, I can't agree with you.
The problem is that...
I (very much) doubt whether...
This is in complete contradiction to...
With all due respect,…
I am of a different opinion because ...
I cannot share this / that / the view.
I cannot agree with this idea.
What I object to is...
I have my own thoughts about that.

Partial agreement:

You can also agree but with reservation especially when there is a doubt or feeling of not being able to accept something completely

Expressions

It is only partly true that...
That’s true, but…
I can agree with that only with reservations.
That seems obvious, but...
That is not necessarily so.
It is not as simple as it seems.
I agree with you in principle, but…
I agree with you in part, but…
Well, you could be right.

Example Dialogue 

Dea      : Hi!

Sandy  : Hi, Where do you come from?

Dea      : I come from England.

Sandy  : Why do you come to Indonesia?

Dea      : I come to Indonesia especially in Jakarta just to vacation.

Sandy  : Wow … Do you know Monas?

Dea      : Hmm … Monas is Monumen Nasional, isn’t it?

Sandy  : Yes, it is. I think it is a fantastic place, isn’t it?

Dea      : Yes, it is.

Sandy  : Do you agree with beautiful park there?

Dea      : I think so but there are people throwing the trash out of garbage. Don’t you think so.

Sandy  : Oh yeah … that’s true.

(sorce:http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/communication-lesson-agreement-disagreement.php

http://adewinurul.blogspot.com/2012/09/dialogue-agree-and-disagree-for-second.html

Noun Clause

A noun clause is an entire clause which takes the place of a noun in another clause or phrase. Like a noun, a noun clause acts as the subject or object of a verb or the object of a preposition, answering the questions "who(m)?" or "what?". Consider the following examples:

noun

I know Latin.

noun clause

I know that Latin is no longer spoken as a native language.

In the first example, the noun "Latin" acts as the direct object of the verb "know." In the second example, the entire clause "that Latin ..." is the direct object.

In fact, many noun clauses are indirect questions:

noun

Their destination is unknown.

noun clause

Where they are going is unknown.

The question "Where are they going?," with a slight change in word order, becomes a noun clause when used as part of a larger unit -- like the noun "destination," the clause is the subject of the verb "is."

Here are some more examples of noun clauses:

about what you bought at the mall

This noun clause is the object of the preposition "about," and answers the question "about what?"

Whoever broke the vase will have to pay for it.

This noun clause is the subject of the verb "will have to pay," and answers the question "who will have to pay?"

The Toronto fans hope that the Blue Jays will win again.

This noun clause is the object of the verb "hope," and answers the question "what do the fans hope?"

Example:

What did the government order?

People must decrease their use of gasoline; they should not waste gas.

Answer: The government ordered that people decrease their gasoline use and that they not waste it.

Sumber:  

http://www.writingcentre.uottawa.ca/hypergrammar/claustyp.html
http://bogglesworldesl.com/askthomas_noun_clause1.htm

Used To

sed to shows that:

·        a particular thing always happened or was true in the past.

·        But it no longer happens or is no longer true now:

Examples:

·        David used to live in Madrid.

·        She used to exercise every morning, but since she had that terrible accident she doesn't exercise anymore.

·        Why don't you come and see me like you used to?

Forms of used to

Here are the interrogative, affirmative and negative forms of used to

·        Did you use to exercise regularly?

·        Yes, I used to go jogging nearly everyday.

·        No, I didn't use to exercise on a regular basis.

Used to, be used to, get used to

1.Used to shows that a particular thing always happened or was true in the past (see examples above)

2.Be used to is used to say that something is normal, not unusual.

Examples:

·        I'm used to living alone.

·        Don't worry, John is used to driving for long hours. He has worked as a professional driver for 20 years.

3.Get used shows that something is in the process of becoming normal.

Examples:

·        He doesn't like that small town, but he'll get used to it.

·        She found the heels too high, but she got used to them.

·        Since the divorce, she has become very sad. But I think she'll get used to her new life.

·        I got used to living in Canada in spite of the cold weather.

4. Get used to and be used to are followed by either a noun or a gerund.

Get used to + noun	Get used to + gerund (verb+ing)
I got used to the noise I'm used to the cold weather	I got used to waking up early I'm used to working late at night

(source:http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-lesson-used-to.php)

Arguing

argument,  in logic, reasons that support a conclusion, sometimes formulated so that the conclusion is deduced from premises. Erroneous arguments are called fallacies in logic (see fallacy). In mathematics, an argument is a variable in the domain of a function and usually appears symbolically in parentheses following the functional symbol.

Dialogue:

A : Do you ever play golf?
B : Hardly ever. I've only played a few times. I'd rather mount-biking.
A : There isn't much excitement in mount-biking, it is too dangerous as well.
B : But, on the other hand, you get just as much exercise and you can do it by your self.
      What's more, you don't have to buy expensive equipment and to rent unreasonable golf course.
A : What about those expensive mount-bike?
B : Still, playing golf is much more expensive than mount-biking

Sumber:  http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/33993/argument
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Conjunction

A conjunction is a part of speech that joins two words, phrases or clauses together.

There are three types of conjunctions:

Coordinating Conjunctions	Correlative Conjunctions	Common Subordinating
and but or nor	either...or neither...nor not only...but also both...and whether...or	after before although though even though as much as as long as as soon as because since so that	in order that so if lest even if that unless until when where whether while

Coordinating conjunctions

Coordinating conjunctions, also called coordinators, are conjunctions that connect two or more equal items.

Examples:

·        He plays tennis and soccer

·        He works quickly but accurately

·        You'd better do your homework, or you'll get a terrible grade.

Correlative conjunctions

Correlative conjunctions are used in pairs.They work in pairs to coordinate two items. Examples of correlative conjunctions includeboth...and..., either...or, not only... but also...

Examples:

·        I didn't know that she can neither read nor write.

·        You can either walk to school or take the bus.

·        Both Sara and James are invited to the party.

·        Whether you watch TV or do your homework is your decision.

·        Not only are they noisy but they are also lazy.

Subordinating conjunctions

Subordinating conjunctions, also called subordinators, are conjunctions that join a dependent (or subordinating) clause to an independent (or main) clause.

Examples:

·        He reads the newspapers after he finishes work.

·        Even if you get the best grade in the writing test, you'll need to pass an oral test.

·        Although he is very old, he goes jogging every morning.

·        She didn't go to school because she was ill.

·        They went to bed since it was late

·        As soon as the teacher had arrived, they started work.

 Sumber:

http://www.myenglishpages.com/site_php_files/grammar-lesson-conjunctions.php

Expressing Opinions

Ways to say it: Expressing opinions
Asking other people’s opinions:
What do you think of ….
- Is that true that ….
- Do you think it’s going …
- Why do they behave like that?
- Do you have any idea?
- How do you like …..?
- Please give me your frank opinion.
- What’s your opinion?

Expressing opinions:
- In my opinion, ….. – I feel ….
- I personally believe ….. – I am certain, sure, positive, convinced.
- I personally think….. – I agree
- I personally feel ….. – I disagree
- Not everyone will agree with me, but …. – It seems that ….
- To my mind …. – Well, personally ….
- From my point of view….. – If I had my way, I would ….
- As I see it – What I’m more concerned with is …..
- I think …. – In my case ….
- I believe…… – Absolutely.

Dialogue:

A : Do you think Pam would like to be a teacher?
B : No, I don't.
A : Why Not?
B : He doesn't like school.

Sumber:  http://setyawanmartha.wordpress.com/category/bahasa-inggris/
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Bargaining

Bargaining or haggling is a type of negotiation in which the buyer and seller of a good or service dispute the price which will be paid and the exact nature of the transaction that will take place, and eventually come to an agreement.

Bargaining is an alternative pricing strategy to fixed prices. Optimally, if it costs the retailer nothing to engage and allow bargaining, he can divine the buyer’s willingness to spend. It allows for capturing more consumer surplus as it allows price discrimination, a process whereby a seller can charge a higher price to one buyer who is more eager (by being richer or more desperate). Haggling has largely disappeared in parts of the world where the cost to haggle exceeds the gain to retailers for most common retail items. However, for expensive goods sold to uninformed buyers such as automobiles, bargaining can remain commonplace.

Answer the following questions orally :

—Do you like to go shopping?

—Where do you usually go shopping?

—When do you usually go to shopping?

—What do you usually buy?

—How do you pay for the purchase?

—Do you ever use a credit card?

Now, practice expressions used in bergaining / shopping :

—Is there any discount?

—What about Rp. 50.000,- for each book?

—Can you make it for $ 1 ?

—What  about 20% off?

—How about Rp. 10.000,- per kilogram?

Conversation

—Shopkeeper             : Good morning madam. How    can I help you?

—Customer                : I want to buy a beautiful frock for my daughter.

—Shopkeeper                  : How old is she?

—Customer                : She is 2 years old.

—Shopkeeper                  : Do you want causal or party wear.

—Customer                : I want party wear.

—Shopkeeper             : Do you want any particular colour?

—Customer                 : No, but the frock must be very attractive. Show me only the

                                    latest stuff.

—Shopkeeper             : Do not worry madam. We have latest stock. Which size do you

                                    want?

—Customer                 : I do not have an idea about the size.

—Shopkeeper             : No problem. See this frock. I think this size will be ok for her.

—Customer                 : Yes, I also think so. Do you have black colour in it?

—Shopkeeper             : Yes, we do have.

—Customer                 : What is its prize?

—Shopkeeper             : It is of 2000 Rs.

—Customer                 : It is too expensive. I will give you only 1500 Rs.

—Shokeeper               : We are charging reasonably from you.

—Customer                 : I will not give you more than 1500 Rs.

—Shopkeeper             : Ok. If you are insisting, give 1800 Rs.

—Customer                 : No. You are over charging.

—Shopkeeper             : Now I have left my profit. Give me 1700 Rs.

—Customer                 : I am giving you 1600 Rs.

—Shopkeeper             : You won. Give the money.

—Customer                 : Pack the frock in a nice box.

—Shopkeeper             : Here it is your bag.

—Customer                 : Thank you.

—Shopkeeper             : Thanks for shopping here. Have a nice day.

Sumber :  http://inilahblogsaya.wordpress.com/2011/04/09/materi-bargaining-and-giving-responding-complaiment/